{"id":1699,"date":"2020-03-18T16:56:55","date_gmt":"2020-03-18T15:56:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.opusdry.it\/solutions\/risalita-capillare\/"},"modified":"2021-03-22T17:27:37","modified_gmt":"2021-03-22T16:27:37","slug":"rising-damp","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.opus-dry.com\/solutions\/rising-damp\/","title":{"rendered":"Rising damp"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row row_type=”row_full_center_content” margin_bottom=”20″ padding_bottom=”0″][vc_column width=”1\/2″ el_class=”relative”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1616404851982{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}”]The {tooltip}\u201ccapillarity\u201d{end-texte}\"\"{end-tooltip} is a physical-chemical phenomenon due to the molecular interactions between a liquid and a solid.\u00a0<\/strong>Due to their dipolar nature, the water molecules are attracted by electrical forces inside microscopic channels called capillaries which originate the transport of the water itself from the foundations to the surface of the masonry, from which it will later emerge by evaporation.<\/p>\n

The phenomenon of capillary absorption is inversely proportional to the diameter of the “vase”, or in the case of masonry bodies, to the width of the porous cavities, the size of a hair.<\/strong><\/p>\n

During its upward journey, the water dissolves and transports the salts encountered in the path, present in the ground and in the masonry, which are one of the main causes of the deterioration of the plasters.<\/p>\n

The rising damp stops where capillary adhesion and gravity balance.\u00a0The height of the ascent, reached by the water, depends on the type of material, the thickness of the masonry, the evaporation rate and the geographical area.<\/p>\n

Depending on the nature of the soil, the probability of the phenomenon of capillary rising and its extent changes.\u00a0<\/strong>A clayey soil, for example, offers a considerable capillary “push”, as well as not draining rainwater.\u00a0In this case, the foundations are forced to continuous contact with the soil moisture.\u00a0Otherwise, a gravelly ground can never be a vehicle for capillary rising damp, as it drains.<\/p>\n

Note:
\n<\/strong>To favor the capillary rising humidity, the bodies and\/or the wall enclosures must be made of porous but not macroporous materials;\u00a0discontinuous sack masonry certainly cannot give rise to the phenomenon;\u00a0on the contrary, in a masonry made up of compact, not very porous materials, rising damp can occur through the bedding mortars.<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”1224″ img_size=”large” alignment=”center” onclick=”zoom”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_type=”row_full_center_content” margin_top=”30px” margin_bottom=”0″ padding_top=”0″ padding_bottom=”0″][vc_column el_class=”relative”][vc_media_grid element_width=”3″ gap=”15″ item=”289″ grid_id=”vc_gid:1616430374389-5d63faed-59bb-7″ include=”939,945,942,948″ el_class=”allignBottom”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_type=”row_full_center_content” margin_top=”10″ padding_top=”0″][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Salt manifestations (efflorescence and subflorescence)” font_container=”tag:h2|font_size:24px|text_align:left|color:%233c6422|line_height:30px” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]As described above, during the “suction” process that causes the {tooltip}rising water{end-texte}
\n\"\"{end-tooltip}, the masonry is “invaded” by {tooltip}saline substances{end-texte}\"\"{end-tooltip}, dissolved in the water contained in the capillaries.<\/strong><\/p>\n

When the water reaches the surface of the masonry and evaporates, the, the {tooltip}salts crystallize{end-texte}\"\"{end-tooltip}.<\/p>\n

If crystallization occurs near the surface, it determines the formation of clearly visible white spots, defined with the term\u00a0“saline efflorescence”<\/strong>, if instead occurs between wall and coating, the {tooltip}crystallization pressure{end-texte}\"\"{end-tooltip} of the salts can cause tension states (slightly expansive) able to prevail on the resistance of the materials.\u00a0In this case we are in the presence of\u00a0“saline sub-efflorescences”<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sometimes a humid day may be enough for the highly hygroscopic salts to attract atmospheric water vapor, leaking onto the surfaces of the plaster, forming visible halos with chalking of the paints.<\/p>\n

Another negative peculiarity of the salts is given by the possibility of the same, to\u00a0keep the masonry in constant humidity<\/strong>, even in the absence of the rising phenomena that activated the process.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_type=”row_full_center_content” margin_top=”0″ margin_bottom=”30″ padding_top=”0″ padding_bottom=”0″][vc_column el_class=”relative”][vc_media_grid element_width=”3″ gap=”15″ item=”289″ grid_id=”vc_gid:1616430374391-57b0ff75-ff6b-2″ include=”979,982,985,988″ el_class=”allignBottom”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_type=”row_full_center_content” margin_bottom=”0″ padding_top=”0″ padding_bottom=”0″][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Products and technologies to use” font_container=”tag:h2|font_size:24px|text_align:left|color:%233c6422|line_height:30px” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]Among the possible restoration interventions recognized as effective against capillary rising damp, according to the actual needs to be assessed case by case and always taking into account that the essential condition for drying the wall occurs only when the quantity of water which can evaporate is higher than the ascending one, can be counted: the construction of\u00a0HORIZONTAL CHEMICAL BARRIERS<\/strong>\u00a0and the construction of\u00a0DEHUMIDIFYING MACROPOROUS PLASTERS<\/strong>. Where necessary, the construction of both systems. Further interventions are essentially attributable to cutting the masonry and {tooltip}electrophysical systems with multi-frequency.{end-texte}\"\"The “Electrophysical Dehumidification of Protech Dry masonry” is a wall dehumidification system based on the technology of “multi-frequency pulses”. The installation of the appliance is carried out by expert personnel by means of appropriate fixing to a wall and then connection to a common socket. The system generates, inside the masonry, an electromagnetic field that interacts with the water molecules, preventing them from rising. However, the combination of an appropriate cycle of macroporous restoration plasters with proven dehumidifying capacity is always recommended.{end-tooltip}.[\/vc_column_text][vc_tta_tabs style=”flat” shape=”square” color=”purple” spacing=”10″ gap=”15″ active_section=”1″ no_fill_content_area=”true”][vc_tta_section i_position=”right” i_icon_fontawesome=”fas fa-chevron-circle-down” add_icon=”true” title=”Horizontal chemical barriers” tab_id=”Horizontal-chemical-barriers”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1616405363076{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}”]The correctly designed and constructed horizontal chemical barrier represents a valid protection against rising damp.\u00a0The objective of the chemical barrier is represented by the interruption of the flow of water migration into the masonry, through the deep impregnation of a section of the masonry fabric, capable of stopping the rising water.\u00a0The physical principle used is represented by the inversion of the meniscus of the water contained in the microporosity of the masonry suitably impregnated;\u00a0in this way the water is deprived of ascending motility.<\/p>\n

The procedure is based on the injection, in specially designed and made perforations, of specific preparations, in the form of solution or gel (cream), characterized by a marked impregnating, water-repellent and diffusive capacity.\u00a0The execution, intended as the definition of the drilling network and the succession of the injection phases, must take place on the basis of a precise program defined in advance and the drilling network must be designed according to the condition of rising damp, as well as the morphological characteristics of the structure.\u00a0Where possible, the product to be injected must be free from long catalytic waits.<\/p>\n

From an operational point of view, the technique can be schematized in a first phase of predisposition of circular holes of suitable diameter, depth and location and a second phase represented by the injection, at low pressure or by slow diffusion, of the specific water repellent impregnation preparations.[\/vc_column_text][vc_media_grid element_width=”3″ gap=”15″ item=”289″ grid_id=”vc_gid:1616430374392-2df74593-d380-0″ include=”1042,1045,1048,1039″][vc_column_text]From an operational point of view, the technique can be schematized in a first phase of predisposition of circular holes of suitable diameter, depth and location and a second phase represented by the injection, at low pressure or by slow diffusion, of the specific water repellent impregnation preparations.<\/p>\n

How to make a horizontal chemical barrier:<\/strong><\/h4>\n